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Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2002) - Andorra (2004)

Compare Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2002) z Andorra (2004)

 Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2002)Andorra (2004)
 Ashmore and Cartier IslandsAndorra
Administrative divisions - 7 parishes (parroquies, singular - parroquia); Andorra la Vella, Canillo, Encamp, La Massana, Escaldes-Engordany, Ordino, Sant Julia de Loria
Age structure - 0-14 years: 15% (male 5,478; female 4,988)


15-64 years: 71.6% (male 26,268; female 23,766)


65 years and over: 13.4% (male 4,659; female 4,706) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products - small quantities of rye, wheat, barley, oats, vegetables; sheep
Airports - none
Area total: 5 sq km


land: 5 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island		 total: 468 sq km


land: 468 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983 it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, is now a marine reserve. For 715 years, from 1278 to 1993, Andorrans lived under a unique co-principality, ruled by French and Spanish leaders (from 1607 onward, the French chief of state and the Spanish bishop of Urgel). In 1993, this feudal system was modified with the titular heads of state retained, but the government transformed into a parliamentary democracy. Long isolated and impoverished, mountainous Andorra achieved considerable prosperity since World War II through its tourist industry. Many immigrants (legal and illegal) are attracted to the thriving economy with its lack of income taxes.
Birth rate - 9.32 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget - revenues: $385 million


expenditures: $342 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1997)
Capital - Andorra la Vella
Climate tropical temperate; snowy, cold winters and warm, dry summers
Coastline 74.1 km 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution - Andorra's first written constitution was drafted in 1991; approved by referendum 14 March 1993; came into force 4 May 1993
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands


conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands		 conventional long form: Principality of Andorra


conventional short form: Andorra


local long form: Principat d'Andorra


local short form: Andorra
Currency - euro (EUR)
Death rate - 5.9 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external - NA
Dependency status territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) the US does not have an embassy in Andorra; the US Ambassador to Spain is accredited to Andorra; US interests in Andorra are represented by the Consulate General's office in Barcelona (Spain); mailing address: Paseo Reina Elisenda, 23, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; telephone: [34] (93) 280-2227; FAX: [34] (93) 280-6175
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Jelena V. PIA-COMELLA


chancery: 2 United Nations Plaza, 25th Floor, New York, NY 10017


telephone: [1] (212) 750-8064


FAX: [1] (212) 750-6630
Disputes - international - none
Economic aid - recipient - none
Economy - overview no economic activity Tourism, the mainstay of Andorra's tiny, well-to-do economy, accounts for roughly 80% of GDP. An estimated 9 million tourists visit annually, attracted by Andorra's duty-free status and by its summer and winter resorts. Andorra's comparative advantage has recently eroded as the economies of neighboring France and Spain have been opened up, providing broader availability of goods and lower tariffs. The banking sector, with its "tax haven" status, also contributes substantially to the economy. Agricultural production is limited - only 2% of the land is arable - and most food has to be imported. The principal livestock activity is sheep raising. Manufacturing output consists mainly of cigarettes, cigars, and furniture. Andorra is a member of the EU Customs Union and is treated as an EU member for trade in manufactured goods (no tariffs) and as a non-EU member for agricultural products.
Electricity - consumption - NA kWh
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2002)
Electricity - imports - NA kWh; note - most electricity supplied by Spain and France; Andorra generates a small amount of hydropower
Electricity - production - NA kWh
Elevation extremes lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m


highest point: unnamed location 3 m		 lowest point: Riu Runer 840 m


highest point: Coma Pedrosa 2,946 m
Environment - current issues NA deforestation; overgrazing of mountain meadows contributes to soil erosion; air pollution; wastewater treatment and solid waste disposal
Environment - international agreements - party to: Hazardous Wastes


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups - Spanish 43%, Andorran 33%, Portuguese 11%, French 7%, other 6% (1998)
Exchange rates - euros per US dollar - 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.12 (2001), 1.09 (2000), 0.94 (1999)
Executive branch - chief of state: French Coprince Jacques CHIRAC (since 17 May 1995), represented by Philippe MASSONI (since 26 July 2002); Spanish Coprince Bishop Joan Enric VIVES i SICILIA (since 12 May 2003), represented by Nemesi MARQUES i OSTE (since NA)


head of government: Executive Council President Marc FORNE Molne (since 21 December 1994)


cabinet: Executive Council or Govern designated by the Executive Council president


elections: Executive Council president elected by the General Council and formally appointed by the coprinces for a four-year term; election last held 4 March 2001 (next to be held April-May 2005)


election results: Marc FORNE Molne elected executive council president; percent of General Council vote - NA%
Exports - $58 million f.o.b. (1998)
Exports - commodities - tobacco products, furniture
Exports - partners - Spain 58%, France 34% (2000)
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description the flag of Australia is used three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band; the coat of arms features a quartered shield; similar to the flags of Chad and Romania, which do not have a national coat of arms in the center, and the flag of Moldova, which does bear a national emblem
GDP - purchasing power parity - $1.3 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: NA


industry: NA


services: NA
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $19,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate - 3.8% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 12 14 S, 123 05 E 42 30 N, 1 30 E
Geography - note Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983 landlocked; straddles a number of important crossroads in the Pyrenees
Highways - total: 269 km


paved: 198 km


unpaved: 71 km (1994)
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
Imports - $1.077 billion (1998)
Imports - commodities - consumer goods, food, electricity
Imports - partners - Spain 48%, France 35%, US 2.3% (2000)
Independence - 1278 (was formed under the joint suzerainty of the French count of Foix and the Spanish bishop of Urgel)
Industrial production growth rate - NA
Industries - tourism (particularly skiing), cattle raising, timber, banking
Infant mortality rate - total: 4.05 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 4.39 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 3.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 4.3% (2000)
International organization participation - CE, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNESCO, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WToO, WTrO (observer)
Irrigated land 0 sq km (1998 est.) NA sq km
Judicial branch - Tribunal of Judges or Tribunal de Batlles; Tribunal of the Courts or Tribunal de Corts; Supreme Court of Justice of Andorra or Tribunal Superior de Justicia d'Andorra; Supreme Council of Justice or Consell Superior de la Justicia; Fiscal Ministry or Ministeri Fiscal; Constitutional Tribunal or Tribunal Constitucional
Labor force - 33,000 (2001 est.)
Labor force - by occupation - agriculture 1%, industry 21%, services 78% (2000 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total: 120.3 km


border countries: France 56.6 km, Spain 63.7 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (all grass and sand) (1998 est.)		 arable land: 2.22%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 97.78% (2001)
Languages - Catalan (official), French, Castilian, Portuguese
Legal system the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply based on French and Spanish civil codes; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch - unicameral General Council of the Valleys or Consell General de las Valls (28 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote, 14 from a single national constituency and 14 to represent each of the 7 parishes; members serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 4 March 2001 (next to be held NA March-April 2005)


election results: percent of vote by party - PLA 46.1%, PSD 30%, PD 23.8%, other 0.1%; seats by party - PLA 15, PSD 6, PD 5, other 2
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 83.5 years


male: 80.59 years


female: 86.59 years (2004 est.)
Literacy - definition: NA


total population: 100%


male: NA


female: NA
Location Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, northwest of Australia Southwestern Europe, between France and Spain
Map references Southeast Asia Europe
Maritime claims contiguous zone: 12 NM


continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation


exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM		 none (landlocked)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force defense is the responsibility of France and Spain
Military branches - no regular military forces, Police Service of Andorra
National holiday - Our Lady of Meritxell Day, 8 September (1278)
Nationality - noun: Andorran(s)


adjective: Andorran
Natural hazards surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards avalanches
Natural resources fish hydropower, mineral water, timber, iron ore, lead
Net migration rate - 6.6 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
People - note the landing of illegal immigrants from Indonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem -
Political parties and leaders - Andorran Democratic Center Party or CDA (formerly Democratic Party or PD) [leader NA]; Liberal Party of Andorra or PLA (formerly Liberal Union or UL) [Albert PINTAT]; Social Democratic Party or PS (formerly part of National Democratic Group or AND) [leader NA]
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh waster at Ashmore Reef's West Island		 69,865 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA
Population growth rate - 1% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors none; offshore anchorage only none
Radio broadcast stations - AM 0, FM 15, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions - Roman Catholic (predominant)
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.1 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.99 male(s)/female


total population: 1.09 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: NA


domestic: modern system with microwave radio relay connections between exchanges


international: country code - 376; landline circuits to France and Spain
Telephones - main lines in use - 35,000 (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 23,500 (2001)
Television broadcast stations - 0 (1997)
Terrain low with sand and coral rugged mountains dissected by narrow valleys
Total fertility rate - 1.28 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate - 0% (1996 est.)
Waterways none -
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